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Synthesis of nitrogen trichloride

Nitrogen trichloride is an unstable primary explosive compound. Its preparation is not complicated and the chemicals used are simple, cheap, and readily obtainable. You could pump the stuff out by the liter if it was not so sensitive. Nitrogen trichloride will explode if heated, exposed to sunlight, or mixed with organic compounds. It does not like to be friendly around many other chemicals, shock, sparks, and it will explode if frozen and thawed. The explosive properties were first reported in the 18th century by Sir H. Davy. He had this to say about the substance: "The fulminating oil which you mentioned roused my curiosity and nearly deprived me of an eye. After some months of confinement I am again well." Nitrogen trichloride may be easy to make, but it should be relegated to the domain of a curiosity only.


NCl3
b.p. 71 °C mass 120.38 g/mol
m.p. -27 °C CAS# 10025-85-1
den. 1.653 g/mL v.det. ? m/s

agene
chloride of azode
chlorine nitride
nitrogen chloride
nitrogen chloride (NCl3) (6CI,7CI,8CI,9CI)
Stickstofftrichlorid
trichloramine
trichlorine nitride
trichloroamine


nitrogen trichloride

nitrogen trichloride

Dissolve 30 g of ammonium nitrate in 70 mL water in a 200-mL Erlenmeyer flask. Prepare a chlorine generator as described in the synthesis section. Place a tube connected to the generator at the bottom of the flask so the chlorine gas can bubble into the liquid, a bubbler will help a lot with the reaction. Gently heat the flask to start the reaction while adding chlorine gas. An oily yellow liquid will begin to appear on the bottom of the flask, which is nitrogen trichloride. Stop heating the flask when the drops appear. After 20 to 30 minutes the reaction should be complete. Use a medicine dropper to extract the nitrogen trichloride from the flask, transfer it to a small test tube and remove any water accidentally sucked up with it. You will need a graduated cylinder for measuring liquids. This explosive will decompose within 24 hours of its preparation.

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